30
Total MCQs
10
Member States
2001
SCO Founded
Bishkek
2026 Summit
🇵🇰
Chair 2026-27
SCO – Basic Facts (Static) (10 MCQs)
1
SCO stands for Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Where is its headquarters?
SCO HQ: Beijing, China (NOT Shanghai). It is named after Shanghai (where the Shanghai Five met in 1996), but headquartered in Beijing. Memory: 'Named in Shanghai, headquartered in Beijing'.
2
SCO was formally established on June 15, 2001. What was its predecessor group called (formed in 1996)?
Before SCO, 5 countries came together in 1996 as 'Shanghai Five' for regional security and border issues. This became the SCO in 2001. Memory: '1996 = Shanghai Five → 2001 = SCO'.
3
How many member states does SCO have as of 2026?
SCO has 10 member states (2026): 6 founding + India & Pakistan (2017) + Iran (2023) + Belarus (2024) = 10 total.
4
Which of the following was among the FOUNDING members of SCO in 2001?
6 Founding Members of SCO (2001): China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan. India and Pakistan joined in 2017. Iran in 2023, Belarus in 2024. Note: Turkmenistan and Afghanistan have NEVER been SCO members.
5
In which year did India and Pakistan both become full members of SCO?
India and Pakistan both became full SCO members in 2017. Memory: '2017 = India + Pakistan joined SCO together'. This is a very frequently asked fact.
6
Which of the following countries joined SCO most recently (as of 2026)?
Most recent: Belarus (2024). Then Iran (2023). Then India & Pakistan (2017). The 6 founding members joined in 2001. Memory: 'BE-Last (Belarus) joined LAST in 2024'.
7
Which TWO 'stan' countries have NEVER been members of SCO despite existing in the region?
Turkmenistan and Afghanistan have NEVER been SCO members. All other Central Asian 'stan' countries (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan) are members.
8
SCO is described as the largest regional organisation in terms of what?
SCO is the largest regional organisation by geographical coverage and population (covers vast Eurasian region including Russia, China, India, Central Asia).
9
What were the official languages of SCO BEFORE the 2026 Summit?
SCO's official working languages before 2026: Chinese and Russian (reflecting the two biggest founding members). English was added as an official language at the 2026 Summit.
10
Memory trick: Which mnemonic helps remember all SCO members?
Mnemonic: 'China Rand Truck in Pak Bel' → China, Russia (R), Tajikistan (T), Uzbekistan (U), Kyrgyzstan (K), Kazakhstan (K), India (In), Pakistan (Pak), Belarus (Bel), Iran. All 10 members!
26th SCO Summit 2026 – Current Affairs (8 MCQs)
11
The 26th SCO Summit 2026 was held in which city?
26th SCO Summit 2026: Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek is the capital of Kyrgyzstan). Dates: August 31 – September 1, 2026. It marked 25 years of SCO.
12
What was the theme of the 26th SCO Summit 2026?
Theme: '25 Years of SCO: Together for Sustainable Peace, Development and Prosperity'. The summit celebrated SCO's 25th anniversary (established 2001). Key: PDP = Peace, Development, Prosperity.
13
Which country HOSTED the 26th SCO Summit 2026 and who was its President?
Kyrgyzstan hosted the summit. President Sadir Japarov (also spelled Japarov/Japarov) held the SCO Chairmanship for 2025-26. Memory: 'Bishkek = Kyrgyzstan = Sadir Japarov'.
14
After the 2026 SCO Summit, which country received the SCO Chairmanship for 2026-27?
SCO Chairmanship transferred to Pakistan for 2026-27. Pakistan PM Shahbaz Sharif will chair meetings. Memory: 'Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) se Pakistan ko chairmanship aayi'.
15
Which city was designated as the SCO Tourism and Cultural Capital for 2026-27?
Lahore (Pakistan) was designated as the SCO Tourism and Cultural Capital for the 2026-27 term (during Pakistan's SCO Chairmanship).
16
PM Modi proposed a Three-Pillar Framework at the 26th SCO Summit. The three pillars matching S-C-O are?
PM Modi's Three-Pillar Framework: S = Security, C = Connectivity, O = Opportunity. He stressed that battlefields don't solve problems — Security, Connectivity, and Opportunity do. Very important for MCQs.
17
What landmark decision was taken at the 2026 SCO Summit regarding its official language?
English was added as the official/working language of SCO at the 2026 Summit — a major decision, especially beneficial for India and Pakistan who pushed for it. Previously only Chinese and Russian were official languages.
18
Which document was adopted at the conclusion of the 26th SCO Summit 2026?
The Bishkek Declaration was adopted at the conclusion of the 26th SCO Summit (held in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan). Summit declarations are named after the host city.
Bishkek Declaration – Key Decisions (8 MCQs)
19
For which period was the International Information Security Cooperation Plan adopted at the 2026 SCO Summit (Cybersecurity)?
Cyber Security: International Information Security Cooperation Plan 2026-28 (shortest duration plan = 2 years). This plan addresses cyber threats among SCO member states. Memory: 'Cyber = shortest plan = 26-28'.
20
The SCO Anti-Narcotics Centre to combat cross-border drug trafficking is based in which city?
SCO Anti-Narcotics Centre is based in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. Approved at the 2025 SCO Summit. At the 2026 Summit, further steps were taken to operationalise it. Target: reduce cross-border drug trafficking by 2030.
21
A 'Roadmap for Green Technology Corridor' was adopted for which time period?
Green Technology Corridor Roadmap: 2026-2030. Focuses on energy efficiency, climate adaptation, and sustainable industries. Memory: 'Green = 26-30 (4 years)'.
22
The SCO Biodiversity Action Plan (Conservation and Sustainable Management) covers which time period?
Biodiversity Action Plan: 2026-2031 (longest duration plan = 5 years). Covers conservation and sustainable management of cross-border biodiversity (animals, plants, ecosystems). Memory: 'Bio = longest plan = 26-31'.
23
What was India's SCO Civilisation Dialogue Forum proposed to focus on?
India proposed the SCO Civilisation Dialogue Forum to discuss ancient civilisations, their wisdom, and how to take it forward. India also offered to host the first such forum. Other India-led initiatives: Young Scientists Forum and Young Authors Conclave.
24
The SCO Connectivity Action Plan (Ports & Logistics) covers which period?
Connectivity Action Plan for Development of Ports and Logistics: 2026-2030. Aims to upgrade existing port infrastructure and develop Eurasia's transit network. Duration: 4 years (same as Green Tech).
25
At the 2026 SCO Summit, SCO condemned which country's one-sided sanctions and military strikes against Iran?
The SCO condemned USA's one-sided sanctions on Iran and condemned Israeli military strikes on Iran. SCO stated these violated international law. Iran is an SCO member since 2023, and the group collectively backed its rights.
26
India presented which THREE forums as its contribution at the 2026 SCO Summit?
India's three proposed forums accepted at 2026 SCO: 1) SCO Civilisation Dialogue Forum, 2) Young Scientists Forum, 3) Young Authors Conclave. All three were accepted in the Bishkek Declaration.
SCO Practice MCQs (PYQ Style) (4 MCQs)
27
Consider: (1) 2026 SCO Summit was held in Bishkek, capital of Kyrgyzstan. (2) SCO was formally established in Shanghai in 2001. (3) India became a full SCO member in 2017. How many are correct?
All three statements are correct: (1) Bishkek IS Kyrgyzstan's capital. (2) SCO was formally established on June 15, 2001 (in Shanghai). (3) India joined SCO in 2017. Note: HQ is Beijing, not Shanghai.
28
Which of the following was NOT among the founding members of SCO in 2001?
India was NOT a founding member. Founding 6: China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan. India joined in 2017 along with Pakistan. Easy elimination: if India had been there since 2001, the 2017 event wouldn't be newsworthy.
29
SCO Chairmanship for 2026-27 went to Pakistan. What is Pakistan's chairmanship theme?
Pakistan's SCO Chairmanship theme: 'Turning Vision into Action: Connectivity, Innovation, Shared Prosperity'. This is different from the 2026 Summit theme (25 Years of SCO...) which was Kyrgyzstan's theme.
30
Arrange in order of joining SCO (earliest to latest): India, Iran, Belarus, Founding members
Chronological order: Founding members (2001) → India & Pakistan (2017) → Iran (2023) → Belarus (2024). Memory: 'Old (2001) → I&P (2017) → Iran (2023) → Belarus (2024)'.