🗓️ June 2026 Monthly Current Affairs

📝 Explanation: World Environment Day (June 5) 2026 main event was hosted by Azerbaijan with the theme "Inspired by Nature."

📝 Explanation: National Statistics Day is observed on June 29 to mark the birth anniversary of Prof. PC Mahalanobis, father of Indian statistics. 2026 was the 20th edition.

📝 Explanation: World Oceans Day (June 8) 2026 theme was "Re-imagine Beyond the World We Know."

📝 Explanation: International Yoga Day 2026 was the 12th edition. Theme: "Yoga for Healthy Ageing."

📝 Explanation: World Food Safety Day is observed on June 7 every year.

📝 Explanation: Telangana was formed on June 2, 2014, as the 29th state of India, carved out of Andhra Pradesh.

📝 Explanation: World Sea Turtle Day (June 16) is linked to Dr. Archie Carr, who pioneered sea turtle conservation research.

📝 Explanation: The 42nd Constitutional Amendment (1976) moved Forest from the State List to the Concurrent List.

📝 Explanation: The 44th Constitutional Amendment introduced the term "Armed Rebellion" (replacing "internal disturbance") in Article 352.

📝 Explanation: MSME Day 2026 theme was "Innovate, Integrate, Impact." (Note: verify exact theme from official sources.)

📝 Explanation: "The Second Orbit" is authored by Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, the Indian astronaut selected for Axiom Mission.

📝 Explanation: "Mixed Metaphors" is authored/translated by Daisy Rockwell, an American translator of Hindi and Urdu literature.

📝 Explanation: "VIP Culture in India" is authored by Nabam Rebia, former Speaker of the Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly and former Governor of Himachal Pradesh.

📝 Explanation: "Titan" is authored by Vinay Kamath, exploring the story around the Titan submersible tragedy.

📝 Explanation: "Flora Indica" recently in the news is authored by Henry Noltie of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.

📝 Explanation: Bhavaiya is a traditional folk theatre form of Gujarat. The book is authored by Dr. Jayant Kumar Roy.

📝 Explanation: Lokhande Prashant Sitaram was appointed as the new Chairman of the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE).

📝 Explanation: Saurabh Vijay was appointed as the CEO of India AI Mission.

📝 Explanation: Sundaraj Pattilingham was appointed as Inspector General of the National Investigation Agency (NIA).

📝 Explanation: Neelkanth Mishra was appointed as India's Executive Director at the World Bank.

📝 Explanation: Vimal N Patel was elected as a judge of ITLOS (International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea).

📝 Explanation: Vivek Agarwal became the first Indian to be appointed as Vice President of FATF (Financial Action Task Force).

📝 Explanation: Lt Gen Dheeraj Seth was appointed as the 31st Chief of Army Staff of India.

📝 Explanation: Mahesh Dixit was appointed as India's new Attorney General.

📝 Explanation: Mahesh Dixit was appointed as the new Director of Intelligence Bureau (IB).

📝 Explanation: Tushar Mehta was re-appointed as Solicitor General of India.

📝 Explanation: PM Modi created a record of 4399 days as the longest continuously elected Prime Minister of India.

📝 Explanation: Justice Meenakshi Madan Rai was sworn in as the Chief Justice of Patna High Court.

📝 Explanation: Jaspal Rana was a celebrated Indian shooter and coach. He won Arjuna Award (1994), Padma Shri (1997), and Dronacharya Award (2020).

📝 Explanation: Subhash C Kashyap served as Secretary General of the Lok Sabha. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2015.

📝 Explanation: Mona Khalil was a Lebanese sea turtle conservationist who dedicated her life to protecting sea turtles in the Mediterranean.

📝 Explanation: François Englert shared the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics with Peter Higgs for the theoretical discovery of the Higgs boson (God particle).

📝 Explanation: Balwinder Singh Dhaliwal was a celebrated Indian shot put athlete who passed away recently.

📝 Explanation: Robert AF Thurman (father of actress Uma Thurman) was a noted American Buddhist scholar who received the Padma Shri (2020).

📝 Explanation: Exercise Pitch Black 2026 was hosted by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), involving 19 nations including India.

📝 Explanation: Exercise Khan Quest 2026 was the 23rd edition, held in Mongolia as a multinational peacekeeping exercise.

📝 Explanation: Exercise Resolute Dragon 26 is a bilateral military exercise between the USA and Japan.

📝 Explanation: INS Dunagiri, INS Sanshodik, and INS Agray were launched/commissioned at GRSE (Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers) in Kolkata.

📝 Explanation: INS Mahendragiri was launched at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), Mumbai.

📝 Explanation: Mepro X6 telescopic sight is produced in India by RRP Defence through Technology Transfer with Israel's Meprolight.

📝 Explanation: Divyastra MK1 is an AI-powered loitering munition developed by Hovert Technologies, a startup based in Lucknow.

📝 Explanation: Rudram M2 is an advanced air-to-surface anti-radiation missile developed by RCI (Research Centre Imarat), Hyderabad. It is launched from Su-30 MKI aircraft.

📝 Explanation: The C295 Made-in-India military transport aircraft, manufactured by Tata-Airbus at Vadodara, Gujarat, completed its maiden flight.

📝 Explanation: The National Defence Academy, Pune, enrolled its first batch of 17 women cadets in 2026.

📝 Explanation: ArsenSafe is an arsenic detection technology developed at IIT Bhubaneswar and commercialized under the brand NanoSemic.

📝 Explanation: "Varya" is India's first text-to-video AI model developed by India AI (government initiative) in collaboration with Avatara AI.

📝 Explanation: ANCHAR is a 3D brainstem atlas developed jointly by IIT Madras and Sudha Gopikrishnan Brain Centre. ANCHAR is named after Anchar Lake in Kashmir.

📝 Explanation: GAGAN was first used commercially by IndiGo on an A320 aircraft at Udaipur airport, marking a major milestone in Indian aviation navigation technology.

📝 Explanation: American Foul Brood is a deadly bacterial disease affecting honeybee larvae. It was recently detected in Scotland, causing concern for beekeepers.

📝 Explanation: Interstellar comet 3i ATLAS was discovered to contain methane, confirmed by NASA and ESA through spectroscopic analysis.

📝 Explanation: Sagittarius A* is the supermassive black hole at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy. Scientists recently detected winds (gas outflows) around it.

📝 Explanation: Teplizumab (Tzield) is an FDA-approved drug that delays the onset of Stage 3 Type 1 Diabetes in at-risk individuals.

📝 Explanation: The Mombasa Declaration on illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing was adopted at the 11th Our Ocean Conference held in Mombasa, Kenya, involving 15 of 30 countries.

📝 Explanation: Surha Taal (JP Narayan Bird Sanctuary) in Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh, became India's 100th Ramsar site (Wetlands of International Importance).

📝 Explanation: Navratna companies can take investment decisions up to ₹1000 crore or 15% of net worth (whichever is lower) without government approval.

📝 Explanation: CPCL became the 28th Navratna PSU of India.

📝 Explanation: GRSE became the 29th Navratna PSU of India.

📝 Explanation: Vinamay is a Land Port Management System launched by Union Home Minister Amit Shah, managed by LPAI (Land Ports Authority of India). It covers 15 land ports.

📝 Explanation: The PM Research Chair Scheme 2026 is a 3-tier scheme targeting top 100 NIRF and top 50 research institutions in India.

📝 Explanation: Oilseed Kisan Mitra is a WhatsApp AI advisory for oilseed farmers developed by IIOR (Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research), Hyderabad, under ICAR.

📝 Explanation: PM SVANidhi (PM Street Vendor's AtmaNirbhar Nidhi) was launched in June 2020 under Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA). It provides 3 tranches: ₹15,000 / ₹25,000 / ₹50,000 with 7% interest subsidy.

📝 Explanation: Kanchan Devi, DG of ICFRE (Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education), heads the committee to study Aravalli Hills protection.

📝 Explanation: DIKSHA was launched in 2017 under the PM e-Vidya initiative, developed by NCERT and CIET to provide digital educational content.

📝 Explanation: India's first flex fuel vehicle — the Maruti Suzuki Wagon R — was launched. It can run on ethanol blends ranging from E20 to E85.

📝 Explanation: BHAVYA scheme aims to set up 100 plug-and-play industrial parks with an outlay of ₹33,660 crore, implemented through NICDC (National Industrial Corridor Development Corporation).

📝 Explanation: The Dancing Girl of Mohenjo-daro (4,500 years old, 10.8 cm tall) was made using the lost-wax (cire-perdue) casting technique, a sophisticated metallurgical method.

📝 Explanation: India's Green Hydrogen Standard defines green hydrogen as having carbon intensity of ≤2 kg CO2 equivalent per kg of hydrogen (measured as 12-month rolling average).

📝 Explanation: Shataayu Dashboard, launched by Ministry of Social Justice (under NISD), is a platform to connect senior citizens with caregivers.

📝 Explanation: Res Judicata (matter already judged) is governed by Section 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC), 1908. It prevents re-litigation of decided matters.

📝 Explanation: National War Memorial (2019, near India Gate, 40 acres) has 4 chakras: Amar (innermost), Veerata, Tyag, Raksha (outermost). Mnemonic: AVTR.

📝 Explanation: 6 soldiers martyred in Operation Sindoor are to be inscribed at the National War Memorial.

📝 Explanation: Bihar received GI tags for Bawan Booti (Nalanda), Pattharkatti (Gaya), and Pedia Painting (Bhojpur) — all traditional crafts.

📝 Explanation: The Zojila Tunnel is approximately 13.14 km long (horseshoe-shaped), connecting Sonmarg in Kashmir with Minimarg in Kargil-Ladakh. Built using New Austrian Tunnelling Method by Megha Engineering.

📝 Explanation: Operation Delta Hunt was conducted by Gujarat Police against illegal Bangladeshi immigrants residing in Gujarat.

📝 Explanation: Fazilnagar in Kushinagar, UP, was renamed to Bhagwan Mahavir Nagar in honor of Lord Mahavir.

📝 Explanation: Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Project (400 MW) is located in Tamil Nadu and was established in 1987. It uses reversible turbines.

📝 Explanation: Chumur village in Ladakh became India's 1st Model Border Village under the Vibrant Villages Programme (VVP).

📝 Explanation: Raj Festival in Odisha is a 3-day celebration in the Ashadh month (June-July), symbolizing the menstruation of Mother Earth (Earth Goddess).

📝 Explanation: Mission Sahajori promotes Muga Silk (golden silk native to Assam) cultivation in Assam with ₹41 crore funding from DoNER Ministry over 3 years.

📝 Explanation: Yuva Shakti Bharosa Card is a scheme of West Bengal providing ₹3,000/month to unemployed youth between 21-40 years.

📝 Explanation: The CPA Northern Zone-2 Conference in Chandigarh was chaired by Om Birla, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.

📝 Explanation: Kerala HAWK (Habitats And Wildlife-Keepers) is a unique initiative integrating wildlife protection with the judicial system, implemented with support from Wildlife Trust of India.

📝 Explanation: Keerthau Stage 2 is an 820 MW hydroelectric project on the Chenab river in Kishtwar district, Jammu & Kashmir.

📝 Explanation: CM Shikshak Cashless Chikitsa Yojana is a scheme of Uttar Pradesh providing ₹5 lakh per year health coverage for government school teachers.

📝 Explanation: Operation Milap was conducted by Gujarat Police to reunite missing persons with their families, successfully reuniting many individuals.

📝 Explanation: Keralams Priyadarshini (launched June 15) provides free KSRTC bus rides to women and transgender persons in Kerala.

📝 Explanation: Masrur Rock Cut Temples (8th century) are located in Kangra Valley, Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh. They are monolithic temples first reported by Henry Shuttleworth in 1913 and are called "Himalayan Ellora."

📝 Explanation: Balaam Kakri (a traditional food preparation) received a GI tag and is associated with Ratlam and Sailana districts of Madhya Pradesh.

📝 Explanation: Mela Kheer Bhawani is celebrated on Jyestha Ashtami at Gandharbal, Kashmir, by Kashmiri Pandits in honor of Mata Ragnya Devi.

📝 Explanation: Jhansi district in Uttar Pradesh became India's first child-labour-free district, covering all 496 gram panchayats.

📝 Explanation: Khursani Imli (Baobab tamarind from Mandu/Dhar, MP) was introduced to India in the 14th century by Mahmud Khilji. It received a GI tag.

📝 Explanation: Project Hineichi (by NCB - Narcotics Control Bureau) in Churachandpur, Manipur, aims to replace illicit poppy cultivation with peas cultivation.

📝 Explanation: Choglamsur and Stagna in Leh, Ladakh, were developed as India's first high-altitude flower fields (lavender/wildflower fields at high altitude).

📝 Explanation: Zardalu Mango from Bhagalpur, Bihar, received its GI tag in 2018. It is known for its smooth pulp and golden-yellow color.

📝 Explanation: The Coal to Ammonium Nitrate plant in Jharsuguda, Odisha (by Bharat Coal Gasification) uses technology developed by BHEL (Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited), inaugurated by PM Modi.

📝 Explanation: Hemis Festival (Vajrayana Buddhist tradition) is celebrated on the 10th day of the 5th Tibetan Lunar month to mark the birthday of Guru Padmasambhava. Famous for the Cham Dance.

📝 Explanation: Rakhigarhi is located in Hisar district, Haryana, on the banks of the dried-up Ghaggar-Hakra river. It is one of the largest Harappan civilization sites, first identified in 1960.

📝 Explanation: Mizoram became the 23rd state of India on February 20, 1987. The Mizo Accord was signed on June 30, 1986, and the state was formed shortly after. The 40th anniversary of the accord was celebrated in 2026.

📝 Explanation: Kuchai Silk from Jharkhand is made from Tussah (Tasar) silkworms that feed on Asan and Arjun trees. Jharkhand now has 11 GI tags.

📝 Explanation: India's first 3D Printed Artificial Reef was created by Tvastra (IIT Madras incubated startup) with CMFRI support and placed off the Rameswaram coast under PM Matsya Sampada Yojana Phase 2.

📝 Explanation: Thewa Art from Pratapgarh, Rajasthan (GI 2014) was gifted by PM Modi to Slovak President Peter Pellegrini at the G7 Summit.

📝 Explanation: Operation Arunodaay is a civil-military population tracking initiative in Tawang district, Arunachal Pradesh, run by Indian Army and NIMAX.

📝 Explanation: Sufiana Mausiki traditionally has 54 ragas of which only 20-25 are actively practiced today. It is a UNESCO ICH candidate. Instruments include Santoor, Ney, Harmonium, Rabab, Tabla, Sitar.

📝 Explanation: Lipulekh Pass is located in Pithoragarh district, Uttarakhand. It is a tri-junction (India-Nepal-China) and a key point for India-China trade and Kailash Mansarovar Yatra.

📝 Explanation: Pashchim Banga Diwas (June 20) marks the 1947 Bengal Legislative Assembly resolution, moved by Shyama Prasad Mookherjee, to keep the western part of Bengal with India.

📝 Explanation: Ambubachi Mela is held at Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati, Assam, on the banks of the Brahmaputra (south bank, Nilachal Mountain). It is one of 51 Shakti Peethas.

📝 Explanation: India's first nuclear heat-based hydrogen production facility at Kalpakkam (IGCAR) uses the Copper-Chlorine thermochemical cycle, developed by BARC.

📝 Explanation: Sarinda (made from single wood with bow strings) from Tripura received its 4th GI tag. It is a traditional musical instrument of Tripura.

📝 Explanation: Dev Snaan Yatra occurs on Jyestha Purnima with the ritual bathing of Lord Jagannath using 108 pots of water. This is followed by a 15-day Anasara (rest) period before Rath Yatra.

📝 Explanation: Among MP tribal GI tags, Kshatriya Dhan (rice variety) is from Jabalpur/Katni and is associated with the Bega tribe. Other MP tribal GIs include Sitahi Kutki, Nagdaman Kutki, and Bainganee Arhar.

📝 Explanation: Pedia Painting is a traditional folk art associated with Bhojpur district, Bihar, and received a GI tag.

📝 Explanation: Kerala HAWK is a collaboration between the Kerala government and Wildlife Trust of India (WTI) for integrating wildlife protection with judiciary.

📝 Explanation: The Potato Patch Coral (700-1800 years old, a massive coral formation) was found at Kadamat Island in Lakshadweep.

📝 Explanation: The Acer+Ascent PCB/semiconductor plant at Jewar, UP, was inaugurated with Union Ministers Ashwini Vaishnaw and Bhupender Yadav, along with CM Yogi Adityanath.

📝 Explanation: Odisha was awarded the Best State for Supporting Athletes at the inaugural Indian Athletics Awards 2026.

📝 Explanation: Parul Chaudhary won the Women Athlete of the Year award at the inaugural Indian Athletics Awards 2026.

📝 Explanation: "Plastica" (Earth Prize 2026 winner) by students from IIT Guwahati (Vivan Chhawachharya, Aryana Agarwal, Avyana Mehta) uses tamarind seed powder to remove microplastics from water.

📝 Explanation: "The Correspondent" by Virginia Evans won the Women's Prize for Fiction 2026. The Women's Prize for Non-Fiction was won by Lais Doshi for "The Finest Hotel in Kabul."

📝 Explanation: Survey of India won the NAEG 2026 Jury Award for its Real-Time Precise Positioning Service Network. NAEG is administered by the Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances.

📝 Explanation: 51 gallantry awards were conferred in Phase 1 of the Defence Investiture Ceremony 2026: 7 Kirti Chakra (2 posthumous), 15 Vir Chakra (3 posthumous), and 29 Shaurya Chakra (1 posthumous).

📝 Explanation: The Ministry of Ayush's YouTube Live Yoga stream recorded 4,35,831 verified viewers, setting a Guinness World Record for the most viewers of a YouTube Live Yoga session.

📝 Explanation: PM Rashtriya Bal Puraskar covers Indian citizens aged 5-18 years with achievements in the last 2 years across 6 categories. It is awarded on Veer Bal Diwas (December 26) by the Ministry of Women & Child Development.

📝 Explanation: APCNF (Andhra Pradesh Community Managed Natural Farming), run by Rythu Sadhikara Samstha, won the Food Planet Prize 2026 ($1.5M). The prize is awarded in Sweden by the Kurt Bergfors Foundation.

📝 Explanation: 14 scuba divers created the world's tallest human stack underwater (22.3 meters high, held for 3 minutes) at Swaraj Dweep, Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

📝 Explanation: "Silver" (a Polish film) won the Golden Conch for Best International Documentary at the 19th Mumbai International Film Festival (MIFF).

📝 Explanation: Youth Colab 8th edition, organized by UNDP India and Citi Foundation (with Atal Innovation Mission and T-Hub as partners), focused on Circular Economy solutions, with 6 youth-led startups winning the National Innovation Challenge 2026.

📝 Explanation: All three statements are correct. The Global Peace Index 2026 (20th edition) is published by IEP. India ranked 127/163. Russia is the least peaceful country (for the 19th time). Iceland is the most peaceful. India's score: 2.409.

📝 Explanation: IIT Delhi is the highest ranked Indian institution (globally 118th) in QS World University Rankings 2027. MIT topped globally for the 15th consecutive year. 52 Indian institutions feature in the top 1500.

📝 Explanation: The Energy Transition Index 2026 is published by the World Economic Forum (WEF), ranking 120 countries. India moved up from 72nd to 70th. Top 3: Sweden, Finland, Denmark.

📝 Explanation: In the QS World Future Skills Index 2027, India ranked 13th with a score of 89.4. The Top 3 countries are USA, Australia, and UK. The index measures readiness for future skills like AI and new technologies.

📝 Explanation: "The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions" is the travelogue of Xuanzang (Hiuen Tsang/Yüan Chwang), the 7th-century Chinese traveler who visited India and documented Nalanda University. India and China are jointly applying for its inclusion in UNESCO's Memory of the World Register.

📝 Explanation: PM Modi was conferred the "Order of the White Double Cross (First Class)" — the highest state honor of Slovakia — by Slovak President Peter Pellegrini. The ceremony was held in Bratislava. This was Modi's 33rd international honor.

📝 Explanation: Fast Patrol Vessel PS Lesport (Made in India) was gifted to Seychelles. It was built by Goa Shipyard Limited. PM Modi was invited by Seychelles President Dr. Patrick Hermine.

📝 Explanation: "Guardian of the Blue Horizon" is Seychelles' highest environmental award, given to PM Modi for promoting environmental conservation and sustainable development. (PM also received FAO's Agricola Medal earlier.)

📝 Explanation: The Shangri-La Dialogue is held at the Shangri-La Hotel in SINGAPORE (not Thailand). It was established in 2002, also called Asia Security Summit, and organized by IISS (London) with Singapore Ministry of Defence. The 23rd edition was held in 2026.

📝 Explanation: Operation Amstad was launched by India as an emergency HADR mission to provide medical and relief assistance to Venezuela, which was struck by a double earthquake.

📝 Explanation: India holds BRICS Chairship 2026 and hosted the 13th BRICS Urbanization Forum in New Delhi. The theme is "Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability."

📝 Explanation: Iran launched Operation Nasr (Victory) on the 100th day after Israel and the US jointly attacked Iran, resulting in the killing of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei. Iran targeted two Israeli military airbases.

📝 Explanation: G7 Summit 2026 (51st edition) was hosted by France and held in Evian. It was presided over by French President Emmanuel Macron. India (PM Modi) was among the invitees alongside China, South Korea, Kenya, and Brazil.

📝 Explanation: Ramban Honey is from Jammu & Kashmir (Chenab Valley region), NOT Himachal Pradesh. Nagauri Ashwagandha is from Rajasthan, Lakadong Turmeric is from Meghalaya (Jaintia Hills), and Banarasi Silk is from Uttar Pradesh.

📝 Explanation: India used the term "Frankenstein State" to describe Pakistan at the 62nd session of the UN Human Rights Council, referring to a state that loses control over groups it once supported (from Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein).

📝 Explanation: The Turquoise Nexus Initiative, launched by Turkey and FAO during COP 31 Presidency, integrates food security, water management, and climate adaptation into national climate plans, especially for developing countries aligning with the Paris Agreement.

📝 Explanation: India won 10 Gold, 5 Silver, 4 Bronze (total 19 medals) at the Asian Under-20 Athletics Championship 2026 held in Hong Kong. This was India's best-ever performance. India finished 2nd (after China), Japan was 3rd.

📝 Explanation: RCB (Royal Challengers Bengaluru) won IPL 2026, defeating Gujarat Titans by 5 wickets at Narendra Modi Stadium, Ahmedabad. Vaibhav Suryavanshi won the Orange Cap. It was RCB's 2nd consecutive title (3rd team to defend a title, after CSK and MI).

📝 Explanation: R Praggnanandha became the first Indian to win the Norway Chess tournament (held in Oslo), defeating Germany's Vincent Keymer.

📝 Explanation: India topped the medal tally at the inaugural World Yogasana Championship in Ahmedabad with 114 total medals (102 Gold, 9 Silver, 3 Bronze). Japan was 2nd, Argentina 3rd.

📝 Explanation: Alexander Zverev won the Men's Singles title at French Open 2026, defeating Italy's Flavio Cobolli. Women's Singles was won by Mirra Andreeva.

📝 Explanation: PPI covers both goods and services, while WPI covers only goods. India plans to replace WPI with PPI by 2031 as recommended by IMF. A new WPI series with 2022-23 as base year was released by Ministry of Commerce in June 2026.

📝 Explanation: RBI MPC June 2026 (chaired by Governor Sanjay Malhotra): Repo rate unchanged at 5.25%, policy stance neutral, GDP growth projection lowered from 6.9% to 6.6% for FY27, CPI inflation projection raised from 4.6% to 5.1%. CRR: 3%, SDF: 5%, MSF/Bank Rate: 5.5%.